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What is BTT and FTT? Complete Guide to Singapore's Theory Tests

15 October 20256 min readsgdrivingtheory.com Team
What is BTT and FTT? Complete Guide to Singapore's Theory Tests

If you're planning to get your driving license in Singapore, you'll encounter two important theory tests: BTT and FTT. Understanding what these tests are and how they fit into your licensing journey is crucial for proper preparation.

What is BTT (Basic Theory Test)?

The Basic Theory Test (BTT) is the foundational theory examination that all new drivers must pass in Singapore. It tests your understanding of basic road safety rules and traffic regulations.

BTT Overview:

  • Full Name: Basic Theory Test
  • Purpose: Test basic road safety knowledge
  • When to Take: Early in your licensing journey, before practical lessons
  • Valid For: All license classes (Car, Motorcycle, etc.)

BTT Test Format:

  • Questions: 50 multiple-choice questions
  • Time Limit: 50 minutes
  • Passing Score: 45 out of 50 (90%)
  • Cost: $6.50
  • Validity Period: 2 years from pass date

What BTT Covers:

  • Traffic signs and road markings
  • Basic traffic rules and regulations
  • Right-of-way principles
  • Speed limits and road safety
  • Pedestrian and cyclist safety
  • Basic vehicle safety checks

BTT Tip

The BTT focuses on memorisation of rules and signs. It's straightforward but requires thorough preparation of fundamental concepts.

What is FTT (Final Theory Test)?

The Final Theory Test (FTT) is an advanced theory examination that tests your ability to apply driving knowledge in complex, real-world scenarios.

FTT Overview:

  • Full Name: Final Theory Test
  • Purpose: Test advanced driving decision-making
  • When to Take: After BTT and some practical driving experience
  • Valid For: Specific to your license class

FTT Test Format:

  • Questions: 50 multiple-choice questions
  • Time Limit: 50 minutes
  • Passing Score: 45 out of 50 (90%)
  • Cost: $6.50
  • Prerequisite: Must have passed BTT first

What FTT Covers:

  • Advanced hazard perception
  • Complex traffic scenarios
  • Highway and expressway driving
  • Vehicle handling in adverse conditions
  • Emergency procedures
  • Advanced defensive driving techniques

FTT Challenge

The FTT requires critical thinking and application of knowledge, not just memorisation. Questions often present complex scenarios requiring analysis.

Key Differences Between BTT and FTT

Difficulty Level

  • BTT: Basic level, focuses on rules and signs
  • FTT: Advanced level, focuses on application and judgment

Question Style

  • BTT: Direct questions about traffic rules
  • FTT: Scenario-based questions requiring analysis

Preparation Method

  • BTT: Understanding traffic rules and signs
  • FTT: Understanding principles and practicing scenario analysis

When You Take Them

  • BTT: Before starting practical driving lessons
  • FTT: After gaining some practical driving experience

How BTT and FTT Fit Into Your License Journey

Standard Car License Process:

  1. Register for driving course
  2. Pass BTT (Basic Theory Test)
  3. Complete practical driving lessons
  4. Pass FTT (Final Theory Test)
  5. Pass practical driving test
  6. Receive driving license

Timeline Considerations:

  • BTT can be taken immediately after course registration
  • FTT can only be taken after BTT and some practical lessons
  • Both tests remain valid for 2 years
  • You cannot skip either test

Success Strategy

Pass your BTT early to unlock practical lessons, then focus on FTT preparation once you have real driving experience.

Who Needs to Take BTT and FTT?

BTT Requirements:

  • All new drivers in Singapore
  • Foreign license holders (in most cases)
  • License upgraders (sometimes required)

FTT Requirements:

  • All new drivers after BTT
  • Foreign license holders (in most cases)
  • Anyone whose previous FTT has expired

Common Questions About BTT and FTT

Can I take FTT before BTT?

No, you must pass BTT before you're eligible to take FTT.

How long are the tests valid?

Both BTT and FTT are valid for 2 years from the date you pass them.

Can I retake if I fail?

Yes, you can retake either test. There's no limit on attempts, but you'll need to pay the fee each time.

Are the tests available in Chinese?

Yes, both BTT and FTT are available in English and Chinese.

Preparation Tips for Success

For BTT:

  • Study the official traffic rules handbook
  • Understand all traffic signs and their meanings
  • Practice with BTT practice questions
  • Focus on understanding basic right-of-way rules

For FTT:

  • Apply knowledge from your practical lessons
  • Practice scenario-based thinking
  • Use FTT practice tests extensively
  • Discuss complex situations with your instructor

Practice Makes Perfect

Both tests require consistent practice. Use our comprehensive practice system to familiarize yourself with the question formats and build confidence.

Cost and Booking Information

Test Fees:

  • BTT: $6.50 per attempt
  • FTT: $6.50 per attempt

Booking:

  • Tests can be booked online through the official portal
  • Book in advance as slots fill up quickly
  • Arrive early on test day with required documents

Conclusion

Understanding what BTT and FTT are and how they differ is the first step toward successful test preparation. The BTT establishes your foundational knowledge, while the FTT tests your ability to apply that knowledge in real driving scenarios.

Both tests are essential milestones in your driving license journey. With proper preparation and practice, you can pass both tests on your first attempt and move closer to getting your Singapore driving license.

Ready to start practicing? Access our comprehensive practice questions for both BTT and FTT to build your confidence and knowledge.

Apply What You've Learned

Practice with realistic test questions to reinforce these concepts and improve your chances of passing.

Start Practicing